Are Boeing’s problems beyond fixable?

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Literal truth

The reason SpaceX is going through the space industry like a chainsaw through cheese, isn’t some crazy ultra tech. Or a genius in a basement with an invention.

Vertical integration. Invest your money to make your own products obsolete - before the other guy does. Iterate to make the products better and better.

All simple stuff. Stuff Boeing used to do. Remember when they went through the aerospace industry like a chainsaw through cheese?
To follow on - got a PM from someone…

Even the Raptor 3, which wrong footer Tory Bruno, is simply application of invest in research, iterate, apply etc…

See Rolls Royce who are still in the aerospace engine game, because they remembered that either you build the next engine, or someone else does.
 
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D

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Boeing murdered those people on the MAX planes that crashed.

The people who hid MCAS should be tried for murder.

I made parts that went on that type of plane. A close friend's fiance was killed in Ethiopia, possibly sitting on and next to parts that I made.

The 737 MAX is a fairly good idea. There is no reason for them not to have 3 angle sensors, and sensible checks, and a bit more training. The type rating could have been done with an asterisk, or minor procedure for switching between NG and MAX, all these things shouldn't be locked down by regulation, creativity could be used to make sure pilots know they are in a plane the behaves a bit differently.
Nope, not a good idea.
The plane is dynamically unstable.
Such planes exist (the F16), but their pilots are a lot more capable and receive a hell of a lot more training.
 
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Then they can offer 401k annuities via the 2019 Secure Act

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SECURE_Act
I'm pretty sure the machinists know the difference between a defined benefit pension and an annuity. Among other things, an annuity takes the company off-the-hook, and it is the company-being-on-the-hook for their future financial well-being that they desire. The company can say, "here is your annuity, good-bye", and that is clearly not what the desired outcome is.

Other than that, annuities are crap, as any long-term investor can attest. They are contracts with insurance companies that are sold primarily on the basis of fear of market down-turn. and promise that they will remove risk. That is a lie of the worse sort. When you buy an annuity you take the very real risk that the annuity will under-perform the market, the economy, and inflation. Historically annuities under-perform virtually all broad market indexes.

The best thing about annuities? They are however highly profitable for those who sell them. So profitable that one might characterize them as predatory products. I know someone who targets people to sell them annuities, and the sales pitch is 100% based upon fear. They make a largish six-figure income every year by doing this.
 
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The Geeman

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here’s what would end this bs: ban private jets. everyone who flies (on a jet) flies commercial executive attitudes toward safety would change, guaranteed.
I'm not sure executives jets are safer per passenger mile. Seems they tend to fall out the sky more regularly than airliners. That's my impression anyway.
 
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guevera

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Witness Ortberg here - pissing away billions of dollars on this strike trying to nickle-dime his workforce that was treated like shit under previous leadership instead of giving them a good contract, which would over time cost a lot less than is being pissed away. Just like any other business-background CEO.
The big thing the machinists are striking for isn't wages, it's to reinstate their defined benefit pension plan. That's not nickel and dimes -- that's huge money. I hope they get it. I hope we all get one.
 
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Boeing is fixable, but not in a short period like 3 or 5 years, or even 10 years. It takes long time like 10 years to develop a new model of airliner like Boeing 787. It took about 30 years for Boeing to fall from the grace. So it will take another 30 years to recover from the current disgrace of Boeing, so not in my lifetime.
 
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ColdWetDog

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Nope, not a good idea.
The plane is dynamically unstable.
Such planes exist (the F16), but their pilots are a lot more capable and receive a hell of a lot more training.
The 737MAX is aerodynamically stable. The FAA won't currently accept a commercial passenger plane that isn't. There are a number of planes whose engines stick out forward of the wing. The Airbus A220 for instance.
 
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graylshaped

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The big thing the machinists are striking for isn't wages, it's to reinstate their defined benefit pension plan. That's not nickel and dimes -- that's huge money. I hope they get it. I hope we all get one.
The question posed in the article headline is directly relevant to that desire. One would hope their objective is to "get" a benefit that will actually be available to them when the time comes to collect. Winning the battle while losing the war, and all that.

Speaking of long-term benefits for which we sacrifice but are not guaranteed to receive: please vote wisely, if you have not already done so.
 
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AdrianS

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The big thing the machinists are striking for isn't wages, it's to reinstate their defined benefit pension plan. That's not nickel and dimes -- that's huge money. I hope they get it. I hope we all get one.

There's also the fact that in a previous labour dispute, Boeing made promises they failed to keep.
People remember that shit.
 
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wk_

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The 737MAX is aerodynamically stable. The FAA won't currently accept a commercial passenger plane that isn't. There are a number of planes whose engines stick out forward of the wing. The Airbus A220 for instance.
Isn't MCAS added to fix stability? It was necessary because if pilot pushes the nose up too much, weirdly placed engines start to behave as aerodynamic surfaces, pushing the nose even more up. MCAS was supposed to fix this. But I am confused how this plane got the certification if that's true.
 
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The real question is "are capitalism's problems beyond fixable?"
It is perfectly possible to build commercial aircraft of quality and make a profit doing so. A number of companies do so.

If you strip the company for parts and give all the money back to the shareholders, eventually you run out of… company.

The Invisible Hand then smites you.
 
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Jarrodrex

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When I worked for Boeing/Spirit Aerosystems. My job was to install skins. Align it, trim it, drill 10,00 precis holes, within tolerance, clean it. Get QA to sign off. Then seal it, and install 10,000 fasteners a night. A mix of nuts, bolts, blind fasteners, and solid rivets. All withing a tolerance of +/- .0030 of an inch.
They'd done a time study, said it took 8 hours. The 2 guys they studied had been doing that job for 15 years, they didn't even talk to each other, 4 hands, 1 brain. The BEST the other 3 teams could do was 11-12 hours. My teams record was 10.75 but 8's the time. Then they changed procedure, and it took 2-3 hours longer to get the parts every night. They cut QA to 2 people so it now took, 1-2 hours to get QA to sign off. So 14-16 hour shifts became the norm, but 8 hours is the time. 6 days a week. And no matter what, we had to be done.

Power outage? Have to finish so the line can move. Fire drill? Lines' going to move. Heavy rain causes a minor flood in the building which happened a lot during the spring and summer. Lines' going to move. 2 hour meeting about something that doesn't apply to your dept.? Lines' gonna move. Plant shut down because of impassible roads? "You gotta come in Sunday and make that up." No parts? Come in at your normal 1 pm. Clean 4 hours cause they have to pay you 4 hours, then go home. Come back at midnight when we have the parts, work till noon, be back at 1 pm.

We went from 20 complete fuselages a month to 28, to 31, and Boeing wanted 38. 1.2 planes per calendar day, we never hit that. Because rather quickly, quality started to suffer. We and the rest of the people on the floor, were just tired, and we stopped caring cause nothing was every enough for management, and they were going to move that line no matter what.

People that didn't build anything were telling us what we could, and couldn't have to build the planes. We had a supervisor who said "I don't need to know how to build airplanes. I have a MBA." She demanded that we stop production after lunch to clean up, go back to work, finish, and clean up again at end of shift. So we cleaned the area 2 times per day. Another 1/2 hour wasted, but the lines going to move. Only 1 critical tool for 3 lines, cause they cost 10k each, "you can share." "John got hurt, so you're going to have to do his job too." John never came back, and they never replaced him. And always "Too much overtime!!" "We have to dig in!" "We're paying you a lot of money to do this!" "The rate is 38!" "You can be replaced!" "We're using to many consumables!" " We have to be faster!"

99.99% of Boeing's problems come down to pure corporate greed. There was never a point where anyone said "We're making X billions, this is good." Always more cuts, more speed, and more money for the bigwigs. They'd sowed this field, now they're reaping it, and I have no pity for the people at the top who made millions ruining a good company.
I’ve been working at Boeing for a lot of years now and this is the best description I’ve heard of what it is like working a union manufacturing job here. The leadership/ upper management just doesn’t understand what needs to be done to build an aircraft. They act like building airplanes is the same as building a car or whatever other widget. An executive will come in and cut everything to the bone to look like a hero for their next promotion then the next guy gets to spend 100x the amount they saved fixing the problem then putting the process back to the way it was making them look like a problem solver for their next promotion. All the while the union guys are just trying the best they can. Let us not even talk about the brain drain we had during COVID where we lost a ton of employees who had 20 plus years.
 
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Hydrargyrum

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When is a buyback ever useful to anyone but shareholders and therefore executives compensated mostly with equity? It's market manipulation and a way to extract profits and hand them outside of the company instead of investing in things that make the company work.

They used to be illegal and should be made so again.

From the perspective of the impact on the company, I don’t see a difference between excessive dividends and excessive stock buybacks. There only seems to be a difference in tax implications on the receiver’s side.

Since dividends have never been illegal, can you give a bit more detail on why banning stock buybacks would make any difference to the health of Boeing and future companies in similar positions?
 
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Oldmanalex

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With respect, I’m having trouble figuring out what point you’re trying to rebut. But it certainly isn’t the one I was making. Maybe that’s on me. Maybe I just suck at communicating.

MicroHitler is a funny word though.
I was merely pointing out that when egos and making money come into conflict, the egos, if large enough, and high up enough in the corporate pecking order, win. Sanely run corporations are generally more profitable for the shareholders than ones run by raging egos.
 
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2TurnersNotEnough

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When is a buyback ever useful to anyone but shareholders and therefore executives compensated mostly with equity? It's market manipulation and a way to extract profits and hand them outside of the company instead of investing in things that make the company work.

They used to be illegal and should be made so again.
Buybacks make sense if you’re in Apple’s situation, and you have so much free cash that you cannot effectively reinvest it all back into the company. Then (and only then, IMO) does it make sense to “return the cash to the shareholders“
 
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ColdWetDog

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Isn't MCAS added to fix stability? It was necessary because if pilot pushes the nose up too much, weirdly placed engines start to behave as aerodynamic surfaces, pushing the nose even more up. MCAS was supposed to fix this. But I am confused how this plane got the certification if that's true.
Yes, the plane will rise faster than a 737NG or Classic when throttled up, but other planes do it as well. Pilots just have to know about it - other planes will have similar characteristics. But the whole point of MCAS was to keep from having to train pilots..... Costs money and time.

Now, I've read where the MAX sans MCAS violates some FAA guidelines on yoke pressure / pitch curves and thus would not be considered 'stable' per guidelines but those points have also been refuted by others and the fact that the FAA requires passenger aircraft to be dynamically stable would seem to go against that idea and the plane should never have received certification.
 
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flipside

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Or the part where critical component relies on data from a single sensor. If the junior engineer in my team would proposed something so stupid, I would be pissed - and we don't make stuff that can kill people. In Boeing, that was somehow approved to go into production.
In this case this (single point failure with disastrous consequences) should have never gone through the hazard analysis (HAZID), which hints at that the the Functional Safety process, which is the bedrock of safe systems design, was not working correctly. Normally this is done by a separate safety organization apart from the actual engineers.
 
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Mechjaz

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Thank you for changing your original post implying that the union's pay raise ask would somehow be financially impossible/ruinous.

There's a lot of anti-union sentiment online these days from people who don't understand the situation & using fictitious numbers muddies the waters.
I think I've shared this before, but the roots of this are deep and sinister. As a public-school educated kid, I will always remember being shocked going to a different part of my hometown and seeing TEAMSTERS on the side of the building. I (may have been a dumb child but I) thought that was essentially equivalent to writing "GANGSTERS" on the side of a building.*

That's the state-approved stance on teaching kids about unions.

*Which, I guess if you dig into it, could still be pretty close depending on how to you read "team" and "gang." But you know what I mean.
 
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DarthSlack

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Strongly disagree. GM has excellent engineers, but horrific business leaders and vision.
They way they missed the boat multiple times and ways on BEVs and PHEVs is a case in point. The government got a very bad return for its money, IMO.
US governments' tendency to coddle "too big to fail" companies is explicitly anti-free-market, and privatizes profits (especially for the execs) while socializing the many failures.
GM should have been allowed to go bust.

Letting GM fail would have meant a big chunk of the auto industry went with it. Car manufacturers aren't isolate, there's lots of smaller companies making the various components, and given how consolidated the car industry is, GM going bankrupt would have echoed through those suppliers who did nothing wrong other than not have a lot of other customers.
 
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T_Bartholomew

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When I worked for Boeing/Spirit Aerosystems. My job was to install skins. Align it, trim it, drill 10,00 precis holes, within tolerance, clean it. Get QA to sign off. Then seal it, and install 10,000 fasteners a night. A mix of nuts, bolts, blind fasteners, and solid rivets. All withing a tolerance of +/- .0030 of an inch.
They'd done a time study, said it took 8 hours. The 2 guys they studied had been doing that job for 15 years, they didn't even talk to each other, 4 hands, 1 brain. The BEST the other 3 teams could do was 11-12 hours. My teams record was 10.75 but 8's the time. Then they changed procedure, and it took 2-3 hours longer to get the parts every night. They cut QA to 2 people so it now took, 1-2 hours to get QA to sign off. So 14-16 hour shifts became the norm, but 8 hours is the time. 6 days a week. And no matter what, we had to be done.

Power outage? Have to finish so the line can move. Fire drill? Lines' going to move. Heavy rain causes a minor flood in the building which happened a lot during the spring and summer. Lines' going to move. 2 hour meeting about something that doesn't apply to your dept.? Lines' gonna move. Plant shut down because of impassible roads? "You gotta come in Sunday and make that up." No parts? Come in at your normal 1 pm. Clean 4 hours cause they have to pay you 4 hours, then go home. Come back at midnight when we have the parts, work till noon, be back at 1 pm.

We went from 20 complete fuselages a month to 28, to 31, and Boeing wanted 38. 1.2 planes per calendar day, we never hit that. Because rather quickly, quality started to suffer. We and the rest of the people on the floor, were just tired, and we stopped caring cause nothing was every enough for management, and they were going to move that line no matter what.

People that didn't build anything were telling us what we could, and couldn't have to build the planes. We had a supervisor who said "I don't need to know how to build airplanes. I have a MBA." She demanded that we stop production after lunch to clean up, go back to work, finish, and clean up again at end of shift. So we cleaned the area 2 times per day. Another 1/2 hour wasted, but the lines going to move. Only 1 critical tool for 3 lines, cause they cost 10k each, "you can share." "John got hurt, so you're going to have to do his job too." John never came back, and they never replaced him. And always "Too much overtime!!" "We have to dig in!" "We're paying you a lot of money to do this!" "The rate is 38!" "You can be replaced!" "We're using to many consumables!" " We have to be faster!"

99.99% of Boeing's problems come down to pure corporate greed. There was never a point where anyone said "We're making X billions, this is good." Always more cuts, more speed, and more money for the bigwigs. They'd sowed this field, now they're reaping it, and I have no pity for the people at the top who made millions ruining a good company.
This is an excellent post and I want to thank you for taking the time to write this. Of everything I have read here today, this is the one their in-coming CEO needs to read.
 
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DarthSlack

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You see people posting "line must go up"?

Buybacks are a way for a mature company to return value to shareholders and maintain share price growth without resorting to enshitification when used properly. Yes, they can and are used improperly to prop up the share price of a company whose executives are failing to grow organically and sustainably, but as previously said, is a symptom of a a deeper failure in corporate governance.

If you want to treat the symptom and not the problem, knock yourself out.

Dividends are the way a mature company should return value to shareholders. That puts money in shareholder wallets but doesn't run the risk of executives trying to improperly prop up the stock price.

Buybacks need to die.
 
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DarthSlack

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From the perspective of the impact on the company, I don’t see a difference between excessive dividends and excessive stock buybacks. There only seems to be a difference in tax implications on the receiver’s side.

Since dividends have never been illegal, can you give a bit more detail on why banning stock buybacks would make any difference to the health of Boeing and future companies in similar positions?

Buybacks are a way to artificially manipulate the stock price by reducing the number of circulating shares. While it may not matter much to the balance sheet, its much harder to do that use the same cash to pay dividends. So eliminating buybacks is one less opportunity for the C-Suite to play Wall Street games with the number of shares and making them focus more on the actual business.
 
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TVPaulD

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It says a lot about how dysfunctional the management of this company and the wider culture of corporate management in general are that there's people in the article heaping praise on the new CEO for...Moving to where the company operates so he can actually show up for work? Something that corporate America is all too happy to demand of most people they employ, including right now as a bait and switch with employees they told could work remotely (and, let's be clear, those people would be much more justified in working remotely and far less well resourced to move to nearby the business than someone like the CEO). It's hard not to see it as "when the rich, powerful boss does it that's a noble sacrifice but when it's a working stiff they should just do as their told and say thanks for the privilege"
 
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papito10

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Jack Welch and his acolytes of animal farm have ruined several companies

I'm glad the machinists haven't settled. Squeeze more pain from the corporate overlords. Make them lose enough money it erases any gains from the past few years of misadventure.
At this point, what is the benefit of being a public company? It's not to raise money for growth, it's to placate the "shareholders" with ridiculous returns until nothing is left even for the employees.

This version of capitalism is hopelessly broken. Restart it.
 
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NC Now

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Wasn't aware of the Intel case, but still, that's not taking on a loan or any kind of debt.
The Microsoft deal (in 1997, when Apple was very much in need of working cash) was accepting a $150M investment from Microsoft, including:
-- settling patent disputes (although that was a minor issue)
-- placing Internet Explorer as the default Web browser on Macs
-- Microsoft pledged to port its Office apps to Mac OS for 5 years
-- Both companies would collaborate on implementing Java

That's a pretty impressive list to obtain on Jobs' side -- the lack of the Office suite was a dealbreaker for many potential Mac purchasers, and Apple didn't have its own browser at the time .
If you dig deep you'll find that what you show here is the PR stunt to save face for MS. The $2 billion was the settlement. The $150 was chump change for thePR stunt. More than patent cross licensing, Apple had both Intel and MS dead to rights on copyright code theft. And they settled it all at once.

Without that $2 billion Apple might have had to borrow to stay alive.
 
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iquanyin

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I'm not sure executives jets are safer per passenger mile. Seems they tend to fall out the sky more regularly than airliners. That's my impression anyway.
wow. that’s surprising. you’d think even folks willing to skip safety for others to amass more wealth would still be reluctant to do that to themselves. maybe greed is more powerful than i’ve assumed.
 
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karolus

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The assumption was that pilots would recognize it as runaway trim, but it manifested differently than runaway trim on previous models.

Like most aircraft accidents, it was a chain of issues.
  1. For reasons that made sense in the 1960s, the 737-100/200 (Original) was designed with short gear for easy access at fields without support equipment. You could get it with integrated stairs and with a gravel kit for unpaved runways. The skinny turbojet engines fit under the wings fine.
  2. The larger diameter turbofan engines were introduced later. The 300/400/500 (Classic) and 600/700/800/900 (NextGen) had a squashed engine housing for ground clearance.
  3. Airbus came out with the A320neo series with more efficient engines which Boeing had to respond to. But those engines didn't fit under the wings of the 737.
  4. For the MAX Boeing came up the with the concept of mounting the engines forward and up so they're in front of the wings. Problem is, this can in some circumstances lead to the aircraft pitching upwards unexpectedly. (Ninjaed in above post)
  5. MCAS using the aircraft's angle-of-attack sensor detects this and pushes the nose down using the trim system. Previous models had the AOA sensor but it was only for the aerodynamic stall warning and didn't control the flight.
  6. Everything is fine if everything is working right. But MCAS was only connected to one of the AOA sensors. There was also no limit to how much it could trim nose down.
  7. In the accident flights, the AOA sensor failed causing a false MCAS activation. The pilots didn't recognize it because runaway trim is normally a stuck switch or short that causes a constant motion. MCAS was intermittent and is only active when the flaps are retracted which happens soon after takeoff. On one of the flights the pilots thought it was a problem with the flaps because it stopped when they were extended. The faulty AOA sensor was also causing other alarms to go off.
  8. The procedure for runaway trim is to shut off the power trim and manually crank the trim wheels nose up. When the aircraft is badly out of trim the aerodynamic forces can make it impossible to move the trim wheels. The only way to do it is to let the nose go down to make them easier to turn. At low altitude this is obviously impossible.
There are theories floating around about how the MCAS design went so wrong. One is that it initially had much less authority so the consequences would be less if the AOA sensor failed. But it didn't work well enough so the authority was increased without reconsidering the single point of failure.

Pilots were not told about it because every bit of new training costs $$$. If it worked, it would be completely invisible to the pilots. And they assumed a failure would be seen as runaway trim, but didn't actually try this out on their test pilots.

Edit: Legally, these are the "same" aircraft (100 vs MAX10).
View attachment 94223
Good points, but for your first, the 737 was never fitted with turbojet engines. Per the specs, it was the Pratt & Whitney JT8D, a low-bypass turbofan. Due to the low ground clearance desired, it was an odd setup (from the first link):

The engine nacelles were mounted directly to the underside of the wings, without pylons, allowing the landing gear to be shortened, thus lowering the fuselage to improve baggage and passenger access…

This created some challenges as jet engine technology increased, as was witnessed on the 737MAX.
 
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One of Ortberg’s first big moves as chief executive was to move himself—from his Florida home to a house in Seattle. He told analysts that Boeing’s executives “need to be on the factory floors, in the back shops, and in our engineering labs” to be more in tune with the company’s products and workforce.

I remember in management class learning that one recommended management model was "Management by walking around." Of course, this doesn't involve MBAs running financial models assessing the benefits of additional corporate mergers and consolidations with the associated merger-department staff bonuses, so naturally it fell by the wayside.
 
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no_great_name

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I was merely pointing out that when egos and making money come into conflict, the egos, if large enough, and high up enough in the corporate pecking order, win. Sanely run corporations are generally more profitable for the shareholders than ones run by raging egos.
Me: corporations don’t do anything unless they think it will make them more money

You: yes, but a lot of the time they fail to make more money because their decisions are poor quality

What you wrote is true, but it’s almost a non sequitur in reply to what I wrote. I was talking about motivations and you were talking about outcomes. Clearly there was a misunderstanding in there somewhere between what I meant and what you read. That isn’t the first time this has happened in this thread, so my conclusion is that my posts aren’t nearly as clear to the reader as they are to me 🤷‍♂️

edit: alternatively, I’m too stupid to see how your point relates to mine. Could be that too I suppose
 
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marshaul

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Just another day in corporate America. Obscene executive comp, stock buybacks, short term mentality and incurring debt to pay for it all. While letting the goose that funds it all go to hell.
This is the legacy of Jack Welch and the shareholder value movement. It will bleed every commercial institution to a husk, wrecking the global economy, all so that parasites can have "passive income" while constantly squeezing those who actually produce.
 
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raxx7

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Ultimately I think the desirable outcome is for Boeing to enter a Chapter 11. Hell it could be what Ortberg is planning. That'll give them the room to radically restructure the business in a way that allows for the success of its commercial aviation division, which is clearly a valuable and viable concern, just not the way it was being run.

I doubt Ortberg is planning for that as it would be illegal for him to do that and it's also unlikely he'd stay on a CEO after a Chapter 11.

But I tend to agree with you.
IMHO the problem with Boeing (and many companies in similar positions) starts with the shareholders: too many shares are in the hands of investors who are in it for short term profit and they nominate boards and CEOs who deliver on that and eventually rot the company from within.
A Chapter 11 would wipe out the current shareholders and whoever would invest in a Boeing going through Chapter 11 would know they'd be there for the long term.
 
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Then MD would have gone out of business. At least in the commercial airline business. Before the "merger" the head of MD was talking about how they were having to do complex deal involving chicken exports from some countries so they could afford to buy their planes.

Long essay here about the 1990s peace dividend and how the US DoD told their major suppliers to merge or go out of business as the spending on new "toys" was going to go down.

Edit: Spelling
Not sure why this is getting downvoted... The Boeing-MD wasn't just "approved" by regulators, it was nearly architected and desired by USG, largely to give the MD military line a stable corporate owner. Then MD's management took over after buying MD with Boeing's money, as the saying goes.
 
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karolus

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I doubt Ortberg is planning for that as it would be illegal for him to do that and it's also unlikely he'd stay on a CEO after a Chapter 11.

But I tend to agree with you.
IMHO the problem with Boeing (and many companies in similar positions) starts with the shareholders: too many shares are in the hands of investors who are in it for short term profit and they nominate boards and CEOs who deliver on that and eventually rot the company from within.
A Chapter 11 would wipe out the current shareholders and whoever would invest in a Boeing going through Chapter 11 would know they'd be there for the long term.
Outside of institutional players and activists, the influence of most shareholders is insignificant in most cases, barring a movement for change. Do most people have the time to research the backgrounds of board members? Even in cases where high visibility CEOs and boards exist, there can be a perception that so much value is tied in the leadership's relation to the company's value that even institutional shareholders will acquiesce. The recent Tesla proxy vote is a good case in point.
 
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