Radio telescope finds another mystery long-repeat source

wmgriffith

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1
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How about this? This is a black-hole/neutron-star near critical mass and companion/accretion disk with uneven consumption. Since it also sheds mass through Hawking radiation, the pulsar could pop back into existence. And I guess time-dilation to explain the slow radio bursts. Obvs don't know what I'm talking about, but maybe fun anyway?
 
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Wickwick

Ars Legatus Legionis
39,607
Are you accusing me of having copied this article from some other source?
If you did copy it from someone else can you please share your source? I'd like to add more competent science writers to my reading schedule.

kthx


/s (well, actually, totally serious if you did plagiarize this, but I don't think that for a second).
 
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Pulsar which emits a beam that normally does not point at us, but nearly does so, orbiting a black hole. When the pulsar is on the far side the gravitational field of the black hole deflects the beam just enough for us to see it. This would I expect spread out the pulse slightly in time as it would deflect the beam towards us a little even when the pulsar is a little further ahead or behind being closest to the line from the Earth to the black hole.
 
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mmmmwmmmm

Smack-Fu Master, in training
71
I was thinking maybe it has two or more axis of rotation, one that's fast enough to sustain the field but the other slow enough that the emitting pole only lines up with us every X rotations or something.

I was thinking this, but if it were spinning on two axiss (axi? axies? axioms?), they'd have been able to discern a pattern. Three might make it difficult, but could still be mathed out.

Maybe it has two axiodes of rotation and a closely orbiting body that both influences the rotation and sometimes blocks the signal.

This isn't really a thing; mostly an "axis of rotation" is defined as a unit vector aligned with the angular velocity vector, which is in turn defined by looking at how the orientation of a body changes over time. Thus, there can only ever be one axis at any given time. The axis can, of course, change over time (by changing the angular velocity vector).

I suspect the challenge with these types of objects is that, since they are (more or less) mass-symmetric, the angular velocity aligns with the angular momentum; and changing the angular momentum requires moments. Large bodies, require large moments, which I suspect is why it is improbable here.

Full disclosure, I know about rigid body mechanics, a star is obviously not very rigid, so there may be other interesting things. (Aside -- asymmetric bodies with no external moments can change their axes of rotation, for example this T-handle on the ISS
View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1n-HMSCDYtM
)
 
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Ripcord

Ars Scholae Palatinae
685
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Could it be that the star itself isn't fully aligned with the Earth? So it's still 'pulsing' but we don't see every sweep of it's rotation?
Would that suggest it "wobbles" in some way? Or its magnetic pole doss?

Edit: never mind, lots of discussion on it :)
 
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orwelldesign

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This isn't really a thing; mostly an "axis of rotation" is defined as a unit vector aligned with the angular velocity vector, which is in turn defined by looking at how the orientation of a body changes over time. Thus, there can only ever be one axis at any given time. The axis can, of course, change over time (by changing the angular velocity vector).

I suspect the challenge with these types of objects is that, since they are (more or less) mass-symmetric, the angular velocity aligns with the angular momentum; and changing the angular momentum requires moments. Large bodies, require large moments, which I suspect is why it is improbable here.

Full disclosure, I know about rigid body mechanics, a star is obviously not very rigid, so there may be other interesting things. (Aside -- asymmetric bodies with no external moments can change their axes of rotation, for example this T-handle on the ISS
View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1n-HMSCDYtM
)


Uh..

Wow, that's really cool. Makes my brain hurt a little bit. But really cool.
 
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Pulsar which emits a beam that normally does not point at us, but nearly does so, orbiting a black hole. When the pulsar is on the far side the gravitational field of the black hole deflects the beam just enough for us to see it. This would I expect spread out the pulse slightly in time as it would deflect the beam towards us a little even when the pulsar is a little further ahead or behind being closest to the line from the Earth to the black hole.
Given the slow rotational period and the situation you present how has the the neutron star not been absorbed by the black hole already. It;s late, I'm hungry and feel my meds taking over thus thinking is getting difficult .back later
 
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Oak

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Could maybe be something like a black hole orbiting a pulsar, when the black hole is in the right orbital position it could act like a lens allowing is to see the pulses. The pulses would be visible and have varying strengths depending on how closely the orbital period lines up to the pulsar period.
I clicked into the comment section to speculate this, but I see I'm beaten to it.

On the other hand, it seems like something that must have already occurred to experts if it occurred to me, unless there was an obvious-to-them reason it wouldn't work.
 
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Atterus

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Space is so awesome. Seems like every month there is a new "uh... nope, sorry, what we assumed was completely incorrect. Turns out binary systems are kinda common, not rare... Also, the universe is way older than we thought... Found a hot galaxy way way older than it should be." My favorite recent thing is that Sol is a VERY strange star lol. Turns out, Sol is why a lot of early stellar assumptions were wrong. Our baseline was an oddball XD

I'm curious if there could be two (or more) objects somehow merging their signals (or eating them) to generate the appearance of a slow signal. I mean... we're talking objects that can bend light already, why not radio? Either way, I'm betting the real explanation is awesome.
 
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Sabon

Ars Scholae Palatinae
639
1) Any possibility that the object has a weird wobble?
2) Any possibility that this object is circle a very large and unique and new type of black hole that blocks radio transmissions and even sucks them back into it even when the object is in every position except for when the object is directly in line between the black hole and earth?
3) Wake up Nikola Tesla and ask him.
 
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fenncruz

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I clicked into the comment section to speculate this, but I see I'm beaten to it.

On the other hand, it seems like something that must have already occurred to experts if it occurred to me, unless there was an obvious-to-them reason it wouldn't work.
There's a whole lot of other stuff that happens if the pulsar was oribiting a black hole (or any other object). Things like delays in pulses depending on whether it's the side of it's orbit closest to earth or on the opposite side to earth. Redshift effects due the the motion towards or away from us in the orbit, redshifts due to how close the signal propagates to the black hole. Gravtional wave loses will also slowly change the orbital period, but they may not have observed it long enough to detect that, yet.

I would expect (but not sure) that a black hole lensing the pulses would give you a signal that looks alot like a gravtional microlensing event. Which has a very particular signal of getting brighter then fainter. Which I don't think they see.

Not that it can't have a black hole in the system (or that it's not a binary system of some kind). But there is more to think about than just whether a black hole is lensing the signal.
 
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orwelldesign

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Came to the comments to see the alien guy picture
- left disappointed :cry:

It's like how people just "xkcd #731" now instead of linking it.

(I just picked that one at random. But the free speech = showing people the door xkcd? Don't need to actually link that one, you can just say "free speech xkcd.jpg" and people know what you're talking about.

The aliens are inferred, at this point in time.)
 
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Mintaka87

Ars Scholae Palatinae
1,068
This is a pretty big tangent, but the name "ASKAPJ193505.1+214841.0" made me think that this is a good time to explain why astronomical objects can have such weird names.

Any astronomical name that appears to be a collection of seemingly random letters and numbers is that object's identifier in some sort of catalog of objects. The most famous catalog in astronomy was compiled by Charles Messier in the 1770s and 80s. He was a comet hunter and he realized that there were fuzzy blobs in the sky that kind of looked liked comets through a smallish telescope with 18th century optics, but weren't comets. To keep from getting confused, he made a list of them. M1 was simply the first object he added to his "not a comet" list, M2 was the second, etc. Amateur astronomers love the Messier catalog because it is 110 of the most beautiful star clusters, nebulae and galaxies that are visible through smallish telescopes.

Other catalogs use a more sophisticated naming convention than just the order when they were added to the list. Let's break down "ASKAPJ193505.1+214841.0" in detail.

"ASKAP" stands for "Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder". It is simply the name of the catalog. I am not sure what the "J" stands for. I couldn't in a cursory search, and I've been away from astronomical research too long to remember. I can think of several possibilities, but my best guess is that it is a code that tells you what type of object is in the ASKAP catalog. The "193505.1+214841.0" tells you where to point your telescope to find it, and deserves a more detailed breakdown.

It terms of pointing your telescope, it is best to think of the sky as being a giant sphere surrounding the Earth. Astronomers project coordinates onto that sphere that are analogous to to longitude and latitude. The "+214841.0" is the object's declination, which is exactly equivalent to latitude. This particular object is 21o 48' 41.0" north of where the Earth's equator projects on the celestial sphere. The "193505.1" is the equivalent of longitude, called right ascension, but it has some quirks, because we're astronomers and you just have to deal with it. The zero point in right ascension is the the vernal equinox, the spot where the sun crosses the celestial equator in March. Rather than measure the right ascension in degrees from the vernal equinox, it is measured in time it takes for the earth to rotate to that point. "193505.1" means that this object crosses the meridian (the line in the sky that runs directly overhead from the northern horizon to the southern horizon) 19 hours, 25 minutes and 5.1 seconds after the vernal equinox crosses the meridian.

Edit: numerous typos and small errors fixed.
 
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cactiform

Ars Scholae Palatinae
605
Gyroscope_precession.gif
If it's a neutron star as part of a binary pair with a massive rotating black hole, wouldn't it precess in the gravitational field, like Mercury going round the Sun but more so ? In that case, alignment with the earth could be quite infrequent.
 
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janhec

Ars Scholae Palatinae
839
Subscriptor
Simple type of explanation: It's a gravitionally locked system, where gravitation is strong enough to influence the other parameters, like magnetism through hydrodynamics. I may totally be raving, though.
Assuming there are transitional phenomena because this doesn't appear to have played since eternity should give plenty of freedom to explain that sometimes, the more frequent radio burst are suppressed.
I'll show myself out...
 
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Chuckstar

Ars Legatus Legionis
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This isn't really a thing; mostly an "axis of rotation" is defined as a unit vector aligned with the angular velocity vector, which is in turn defined by looking at how the orientation of a body changes over time. Thus, there can only ever be one axis at any given time. The axis can, of course, change over time (by changing the angular velocity vector).

I suspect the challenge with these types of objects is that, since they are (more or less) mass-symmetric, the angular velocity aligns with the angular momentum; and changing the angular momentum requires moments. Large bodies, require large moments, which I suspect is why it is improbable here.

Full disclosure, I know about rigid body mechanics, a star is obviously not very rigid, so there may be other interesting things. (Aside -- asymmetric bodies with no external moments can change their axes of rotation, for example this T-handle on the ISS
View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1n-HMSCDYtM
)

If I were in the ISS, I would do that all day.

“Where’s Chuck?”

“He’s spinning the T-handle… again. :rolleyes:

“Is that code for something?”

“Nope, he’s just over there watching that T-handle spin back and forth.”
 
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Today I found a context article by Michelle Starr, excellent as always:

In recent years, several strange objects have been found spitting out repeating signals in the southern sky. Although they don't all behave the same way, they could be related.


GLEAM-X J162759.5-523504.3 is an object near the galactic center that was caught spitting out bizarrely bright flashes for just three months before falling quiet again. GPM J1839-10 was found to behave like a bizarrely slow pulsar, emitting five-minute bursts of radio waves every 22 minutes. And GCRT J1745-3009 is a pulsing object near the galactic center with a period of 77 minutes.


We don't know for a certainty what any of these objects are, but neutron stars seem likely. And ASKAP J1935+2148, Caleb and her colleagues suggest, could be a sort of bridge between the different states.


The differences between its pulsation modes are likely connected to magnetospheric changes and processes, suggesting that all the objects belong to a new class of magnetars, possibly as they evolve into pulsars.
"ASKAP J1935+2148 is probably part of an older population of magnetars with long spin periods and low X-ray luminosities, but magnetized enough to be able to produce coherent radio emission," the researchers write in their paper.
https://www.sciencealert.com/strange-radio-signal-from-deep-space-baffles-scientists
 
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I'll add to the speculation: neutron star with an unstable magnetic dynamo that's sufficiently decoupled from the axis of rotation that it sweeps Earth in an apparently (but not really) intermittent beam. It would only need to vary by a couple of degrees at astronomical distances to miss Earth entirely, appearing to both be slower than we would consider normal for a well behaved pulsar, but also intermittent if its shift is sufficiently chaotic.

This would be difficult to observe because the beam could easily miss us in any given direction. Any follow ups would have to involve spacecraft or station observatories sufficiently outside Earth's orbit that the same beam isn't hitting both Earth and the observatory at the same time.

Eclipsing bodies doesn't really ring true from what I got from the article. Eclipses, even dust clouds, would dim the star in other wavelengths than just radio waves. The article doesn't mention observing any such dimming. If it did, I missed it.

Alternate theory: Q is bored and messing with us again.

Alternate theory 2: We know where Sauron went after Barad'Dur fell. He's pretty weak since he's only observing in radio wavelengths right now.
Ahhh, Jean Luc!

I do miss the mischievous antics of Q!
 
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