Containers are nothing special. You've been using them for decades - you know it as "application isolation". Heck, you're using it now - your web browser runs as a separate process from anything else you have running - your email client, your work tools, other things. All a container is a special mode in Linux that says "you can have your own PIDs" which means you can run init again as PID 1, which can give you a unique userspace environment setup.
But as far as Linux itself is concerned, it's just running a bunch more processes - with a bit more accounting to keep them separated (namespaces). But if you can get access to root, you can do anything, including breaking out of your namespace.
The extra overhead of namespaces is just having a bunch of extra processes running in the background.