New dating of a major ancient warming shows warming started before major eruptions.
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How did volcanism trigger climate change before the eruptions started?
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Planetary systems can have relatively stable configurations, where orbits are bounded within tori. Numerical analyses of our solar system generally show it to be pretty predictable on the order of tens of millions of years, because of the resonances among the giants. You have to go out to a couple hundred million years to see Mercury’s eccentricity become unpredictable, for instance, and even then it’s still confined within a torus.
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It's interesting that humanity would get a long term warning of such an event to come. I wonder if someone will search for a similar warning pattern for caldera eruptions? Such events could wipe out huge swathes of life in various parts of the world, notably N. America.
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Or in alternate media units, about 15 trillion elephants.
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RickRoyLeonPrisZhoraRacha
Ars Scholae Palatinae
A volcano like a strata (composite), shield or cinder cone can contribute metric tonnes of carbon, sulfur and fine particulates that can change the climate for years. There are on average, 40-50 active volcanoes around the planet, not including sub-oceanic that aren't monitored.
If you want to know more about geology and volcanoes, I can HIGHLY recommend these two youtubers that are instructors in their field. Geology Hub and Earth & Space Sciences. There are others and would like Arsians recommendation for their favourites.
If you want to know more about geology and volcanoes, I can HIGHLY recommend these two youtubers that are instructors in their field. Geology Hub and Earth & Space Sciences. There are others and would like Arsians recommendation for their favourites.
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In addition to what others have said, like satellites and so on, you wouldn't necessarily see where a new large igneous province form unless mining or oil and gas exploration is taking place where one could form. The same goes for geothermal exploration. Where the resources are are not necessarily where a large igneous province could form. And personally, I don't know if I would want to be on an exploration drill rig when they go through a still cooling sill. That would be a very expensive way to shut down a drilling program as the temperatures and the material being drilled through will likely mess up your drill bit.
That being said, we do know some places where such provinces can form. The East African Rift Valley comes to mind as part of the African Craton is being pulled away due to the triple junction south of the Red Sea. There are bodies of water in the region that are being saturated with CO2 to dangerously lethal levels right now. And one could argue that Iceland is on its way to being its very own large igneous province since it is situated on a mantle plume. And of course if/once the Yellowstone Caldera 'clears its throat' with an eruption, flood basalts would likely follow.
Basically for large igneous province to form, you typically look at tectonic plate spreading centres or mantle plumes. I don't think those areas lend well to resource exploration. Work is still ongoing trying to figure out how spreading centres form and so on to better figure things out.
That all of course does not absolve humanity of the collective responsibility of putting ourselves in our current state with regard to climate change.
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And that damned industrial revolution, after millions and millions of years coincided with the start of the whole darn mess.
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The difficulty with orbital dating isn't with the orbits, which as you say are highly predictable out to tens of millions of years. It's with the translation of those orbits into a detectable signal in the sediments, Validating that translation is extremely valuable.
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Another difficulty with orbital dating is your friends (or his/hers) may disapprove of the match. Best to date outside your orbit.
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Exactly. What's not mentioned is that the time required for humans to have emitted enough CO2 to enter a MCO-class warming was a fraction of the time the large igneous province took to generate its volume.
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What I wonder about is if there is any relationship between earthquakes and volcanic activity (taken together) and shifting pressures on the earths crust. Right now we are seeing less pressure where glaciers are receding and increasing pressure beneath the oceans where all that melt collects. Are there any studies which suggest a relationship between climate change (in either direction) and changes in geological activity, or is plate tectonics the overwhelming driving force where geology is concerned?
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Earth quakes,simply put, are when rock layers break or crack thus moving the earth above that movement. These breaks can be generated by tectonic stresses where different plates meet and one plate wants to go one way and the other plate a different way creating cracks or, in geological terms, faults. (See: San Andreas fault) These earthquakes can, in turn, create other minor faults which can allow molten rock called magma to move and eventually break the surface in a fissure (the Columbia basalts). and that movement can, in turn, create earthquakes of various intensity. Iceland and it's eruptions is the result of a spreading ridge called the Mid-Atlantic ridge. So, the dynamic is a combination of forces and substances working in tandem that cause earthquakes and eruptions. Volcanoes can also be a result of plate tectonics where ocean plate subducts under continental plate creating a volcanic arc (See:Mt Vesuvius), which, in turn, causes earthquakes.
As noted above, geologic activity can indeed effect climate change, but these changes involve intense activity over a vast amount of time.
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There are many forces interacting in the way the crust (or lithosphere, which includes the upper mantle) deforms. One is compression in plate collision, which raised the ancestral Appalachians and is raising the Himalayas as India bashes into Eurasia. Then there is erosion, of course, which has reduced the Appalachians to nubs and is active everywhere. Then there is plastic collapse, as the roots beneath high mountains flow out from beneath the soaring ranges like so much baked Brie flowing out from under a pile of apple slices. At the end of the day, isostacy rules, and Earth “wants” an equal mass along each radius, so that less dense granitic continents bob above denser basaltic oceanic crust. The few meters of sea level rise are absolutely negligible in this context, and the few hundreds of meters of ice that’s melted are, too, from a plate tectonic perspective. Continental crust is 10s of kilometers thick, and is about 3 times denser than water. That’s a tough knob to turn
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If you happen to be in Portland (Oregon) some time and ride the MAX light rail out west, stop at the mid-tunnel Zoo station and spend a few minutes until the next train looking at the display on the wall. When the tunnel through the west hills was constructed, they took a bunch of core samples. A full-depth section is mounted on the wall with a timeline showing when various features appeared.
What struck me, looking at it, was the layering of Columbia basalt flows over sedimentary deposits. Many feet of black basalt, and then a few inches of organic-looking "dirt", and then another twenty feet of basalt. I'm imagining prehistoric critters in their burrows waking up one morning to a smell of smoke. That was a really bad day. And no easy running-away either....those flows went all the way to the ocean.
What struck me, looking at it, was the layering of Columbia basalt flows over sedimentary deposits. Many feet of black basalt, and then a few inches of organic-looking "dirt", and then another twenty feet of basalt. I'm imagining prehistoric critters in their burrows waking up one morning to a smell of smoke. That was a really bad day. And no easy running-away either....those flows went all the way to the ocean.
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Portland, Somerset, to Winston Salem NC is 6100km. Portland, Dorcet to NC is only 6070km.Given there’s a Portland in the UK, we can beat that.
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Portland OR to Dar Es Salaam is 15373 (PDX to DAR great circle).
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About the only relationship is that when the mass of ice is removed, the land that had been covered begins to rise thanks to isostacy. In the long term, that creates things like the step beaches of Finland. In the short term, it generates some mostly small (~M3) earthquakes as the pressure is relieved and shifts the spin of the Earth as the mass is redistributed to the equator.
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It causes some small earthquakes as the earth rebounds, and presumably also as it sinks. That may be what OP was thinking about?
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sorry, topic drift - we derailed to obscure Portlands and Salems.
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All these questions would go away if we just reunited Pangea.
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Not everything needs to be on YT (though admittedly that's all many people will look at). For lists and references to more scholarly material, check out (for instance) the USGS Volcanic Hazards Program and the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program. There are many national and international volcanism programs and observatories, too; they are often linked in the Smithsonian stories.
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