This app certainly doesn’t help, but housing becoming a speculative asset to put money in and not a roof over your head is what caused this.
Break the big conglomerates and ban things like hotel houses and that will also help a lot.
Frankly, I'd go even further with single-family homes and make it ruinously expensive to own a house you don't live in. Eliminate the so-called passive-income aspect of home ownership and you get rid of landlords sitting on properties for years and letting them slowly decay until they can't squeeze any more money out of them. It'd be a lot easier for folks who just need a place to live if the market wasn't artificially inflated to suit the whims of capital.
I'll admit I don't have as neat a solution for apartments, and I think there should probably be some sort of rental market, but at the end of the day I think we, as a society, are going to have to start treating housing more like a right than a privilege before any of this gets meaningfully sorted out.
Personally, I like doubling your property taxes for every home you own that you don’t live in 8 months out of the year.
In the case of apartment buildings/complexes, the entire building counts as a single unit for the doubling, but C-level execs (or the appropriate parallel) living in a building 8+ months reduce the unit count by 1 to a minimum of 1.
Own six apartment complexes in Detroit and live in a house in Ann Arbor?
Your home = property taxes x1
Apt 1 = x2
Apt 2 = x4
Apt 3 = x8
Etc